AS Roma was founded on 22 July 1927 through the merger of three Roman clubs: Roman FC, SS Alba-Audace, and Fortitudo-Pro Roma. The initiative came from businessman Italo Foschi, who wanted to create a single powerful club to represent the capital and challenge the northern powerhouses of Juventus, Inter, and Milan.

The colours, red and yellow, derive from the coat of arms of the city of Rome itself. The giallorosso identity has been consistent since 1927, though shades, badge designs, and kit details have evolved considerably across the decades. The wolf and references to SPQR have appeared in various forms on the club's badge, with multiple redesigns over the years, but always linking back to the city's ancient identity.

The Stadio Olimpico in the northwest of Rome has been the club's home ground since 1953, shared with city rivals Lazio. With a capacity of around 70,000, it is one of the largest grounds in Italian football, and the derby atmosphere there is among the most intense in the country. Roma plan to build their own dedicated stadium at Pietralata, which would be the first purpose-built club ground in their history.

The club won their first Scudetto in 1941/42. Their second came in 1982/83 under Nils Liedholm, the season that marked the beginning of the club's first golden era in European football. The shirt archive on ShirtSociety reaches back to the early 1990s and covers every manufacturer partnership through to the present New Balance era.

New Balance replaced Nike for the 2019/20 season. José Mourinho arrived in summer 2021 and in his first season guided Roma to the inaugural UEFA Europa Conference League title, beating Feyenoord 1–0 in the Tirana final with a Nicolò Zaniolo goal. It was the first European trophy in Roma's history, a significant moment regardless of the competition's standing within UEFA's hierarchy.

The New Balance kit worn that night, the 2021/22 home shirt with the competition final badge, is the most notable kit in the current era of the archive. It is the shirt Roma wore when they lifted their first piece of European silverware.

In 2022/23, Roma reached the Europa League final in Budapest, losing on penalties to Sevilla after a 1–1 draw. It was Roma's first major UEFA final since the 1991 UEFA Cup final. The Europa League final shirt carries its own significance as a companion piece to the Conference League final kit from the year before.